Self help modules:

Online world

This module will help you explore and understand the relationship between your online and offline social lives and problematic online relationships.

Objectives

This module will help you explore and understand:

  • The relationship between your online and offline social lives
  • How the internet can be used as a social outlet in your life
  • Problematic online relationships

Module chapters

Online world
Sexual offending happens in the offline and online world.
Online behaviour
Some people we work with say they behaved in a way online that they wouldn’t have done in the offline world.
Online relationships
We all have an idea of how we come across to other people.
Exercise 3: So what is the problem with online relationships?
When we engage with people online and form friendships, it is usually around something specific, for example the sexual images of children.
Exercise 4 and 5: Online world
Some people don’t have as many offline relationships as they would like.
Reflection: online world
Think about what has prompted you to take action

Online world

Sexual offending happens in the offline and online world. But some people we work with often tell us they would not have offended without the internet, apps or smartphones.

A huge majority of people have access to the internet but not everyone offends online.

This means that the internet doesn’t cause offending; people who have offended online made a choice to do so. But it is important to consider how the internet might make offending easier for some people.

Sex and the internet

For some people the internet can feel like an good place to engage in sexual behaviour. But why is that? Some people think the ‘Triple A Engine’ helps answer this question.

‘Triple A Engine’ (Cooper, 1998)

    • Accessibility: pornography and sexual experiences are easily accessible online, anytime, day or night.
    • Anonymity: people might feel that they are anonymous and unknown online. This might result in a person detaching their online behaviour from their offline life and identity.
    • Affordability: pornography and sexual experiences online may come at a low cost or free.

Exercise 1: Sex and the internet

What other aspects of the internet might make it feel like an attractive place to engage in sexual activity? Use the template to think about why the internet became a place for sexual behaviour for you.

Think about the examples below:

Now that you have identified why you used the internet as a place for sexual behaviour, it is important to think about why that might be a problem in some circumstances.

Think about the ideas you had above, but now think about what the difficulties with these ideas might be. For example:

Online behaviour

Online behaviour

Some people we work with say they behaved in a way online that they wouldn’t have done in the offline world.

The panopticon

The panopticon is a design of building meaning that one person can see all those in the building.

It is important to think about how we behave when we feel we might be being observed, compared to how we behave when we think no one is watching.

This is the same with online behaviour and how people can feel like they are anonymous and not being watched by others when they are online. This can result in people feeling detached from their online behaviour, as if it is not part of their true self.

How does this relate to you? How was your online behaviour different from your offline behaviour? Think about how you behave on social media, what you might look at online, who you might talk to, and how you might talk to them.

There will also be ways you behave online that are the same as offline, and it is important to think about these too. This shows that the online and offline world are not completely separate.

For example, did you look for sexual material online but not offline? Did you communicate with people online that you did not or would not offline? Did you communicate in the same way with others online and offline, for example in your use of language and your level of politeness?

Exercise 2: My online and offline behaviour

Think about:

    • Why did you behave differently online than you did offline?
    • Did your online behaviour have an impact on your offline behaviour? How?
    • Would you like your behaviour online to also happen offline? Why?
    • How does considering this help you manage your future online behaviour?

Online relationships

Online relationships

We all have an idea of how we come across to other people. How we act can be affected by the situation we are in and the people we are with.

Think about how you might present yourself differently at work compared to when you’re with friends and how this might be different again when with family.

Some people feel that they can be very different online compared to how they are ‘in the real world’.

Offline versus online

How would you describe yourself offline? Make a note of all the words below and any others that describe you.

How would you describe yourself online? Make a note of all the words below and any others that describe you.

What differences are there between your online and offline selves? Are there qualities about your online self that you like and wish you could transfer into the real world? Make a note of them and they can be a starting point for goals you set in planning for a good life.

Why are we different online?

It is often easier to relate to others online. They might share our interests, accept us more easily and make us feel important or powerful. Unless we choose to let others online see us as we really are, we can pretend to be whoever we want to be. Online relationships in some ways make fewer demands.

Exercise 3: So what is the problem with online relationships?

When we engage with people online and form friendships, it is usually around something specific, for example the sexual images of children. It means that a lot of time is then spent focusing on that particular topic, or things related to it, for example other software or security. While the friendships that we form online are very real, they have aspects to them that are very different to those offline. For some people their online relationships act as a substitute for real world social interaction. The ease, emotional safety and superficial nature of some people’s online relationships, both sexual and non-sexual, are often not as fulfilling as the more rounded experience offered by people’s offline relationships. Their online relationships are often shorter and less ‘real’. This can be especially true of people’s online sexual relationships. Here the focus can easily become just about sexual thing. For many people this is manageable, but for others the desire for short-term sexual pleasure means that they allow themselves to develop patterns of online sexual behaviour that are damaging to both themselves and others. Many of these activities are legal but others are not.  They might include:
  • chatting to adults about sex with children online such as sharing fantasies
  • chatting to children about sex online
  • using smartphones, apps or webcams to encourage children to engage in sexual behaviour
  • exposing children to sexual behaviour through smartphones, apps or webcams
  • grooming children with the intention of meeting them offline and sexually abusing them
  • voyeurism (hidden cameras)

Think about your online relationships and answer the following questions:

Exercise 3: Online and offline relationships

 Online relationshipsOffline relationships
Write down how many significant people you have in your online and offline world.  
What good things do I get out of these?  
What gaps are they filling in my life?  
What do these relationships mean to me?  
What do I enjoy about chatting to these people?  

What do you notice about the online and offline relationships?

Are there some things that you would only discuss or do online? Why is this?

How does this make you feel? Do you see your online relationships differently now?

Some of the dangers of online relationships

  • You don’t get challenged – talking to like-minded people means that you are unlikely to be challenged in what you say.
  • Talking to other people can help you to justify what you’re doing, for example “they’re doing it, so why shouldn’t I?”.
  • It might give you the opportunity to do things that in the offline world would make you feel very uncomfortable.

Exercise 4 and 5: Online world

Think about your online relationships and answer the following questions:

Exercise 4: What do I look for in real-life relationships?

Using the table below, write down the things you value about real-life relationships and then what you could do to achieve these.

ValueAction
IntimacyExpress how I feel more
Time togetherJoin a weekly salsa class together

Some people don’t have as many offline relationships as they would like. If this applies to you then this will be covered in more detail in the planning for a good life module.

If you feel lonely then the following exercise can be helpful to start thinking about how you have been coping with those feelings and how you can cope more positively in the future.

Exercise 5: How do I cope with isolation or loneliness?

Situation or eventNegative
Strategy or behaviour
Including thoughts and feelings
Positive
Strategy or behaviour
Including thoughts and feelings
Living alone. Feeling isolated.Going online into chat rooms, engaging in sexual chat. Felt excited at first but afterwards guilty and ashamed.Take Spanish lessons. Feel scared at first session but afterwards happy.

Reflection: online world

Reflection

Think about these questions:
  • Which part of the module has had the greatest impact on your understanding? Why?
  • Has anything from this module prompted or encouraged you to take action around your behaviour? If so, what?
  • Has this module raised any further questions for you or made you want to explore any ideas further? What steps do you plan to take to seek out this information?

Talk to us if you need support

You can use our helpline, live chat or secure message service for confidential support from our experienced advisors if you want to discuss anything covered in this module, have struggled when working through it, or want to go through the information with a practitioner to guide you.

Concerned about your online behaviour

Many people who have engaged in online sexual behaviour involving children believe that there is a ‘grey area’ between what is legal and illegal. There is not.

View modules

This module will help you explore and understand your current sexual and non-sexual fantasies, and the link between your fantasies and your online behaviour

Fantasy
Fantasies can be about a range of different things and everybody will have their own reasons for engaging in a fantasy
Exercise: When fantasy becomes a problem
A good starting point in considering if your fantasies are problematic is to look at your fantasies in more detail.
Appropriate versus inappropriate fantasy
So what are appropriate and inappropriate fantasies? We split inappropriate fantasies into three sections
Exercise: Fantasy knowledge
Understanding the issues around fantasy
Exercise: Inappropriate fantasy
Fantasies do not automatically lead to behaviours, but they do increase your likeliness of wanting to ‘play out’ particular fantasies.
Exercise: a fantasy management technique
Many individuals use fantasy management techniques to help stop having these harmful sexual fantasies.
Reflection: fantasy
What have you learnt about your fantasies?

If you are concerned about your worrying or illegal online sexual behaviour and want to stop this behaviour, it is important for you to learn as much as possible about yourself and what you are doing.

Understanding why
If you are concerned about your worrying or illegal online sexual behaviour and want to stop this behaviour, it is important for you to learn as much as possible about yourself and what you are doing
Exercise 1: internet use
You might already have some understanding of why you have been or are tempted to behave illegally online
Exercise 2: timeline
The second exercise is in three parts and looks back over your life to help you think about how you started behaving illegally online
Reflection: understanding why
As with the introduction to this module, using the table below, write down your current level of knowledge and understanding about your online behaviour.

This module aims to help you explore and gain understanding your level of control over your current online sexual behaviours, how you have used denial to allow your problematic behaviour to continue and how to make immediate changes to start the change process.

Triggers: taking control
How does feeling out of control affect your mood?
Changes
It is important that you recognise that making changes can be hard and so people can easily go back into old habits
Reflection: taking control of your online behaviour
Has this module raised any further questions for you or made you want to explore any ideas further?

Sexual offending happens in the offline and online world. But some people we work with often tell us they would not have offended without the internet, apps or smartphones.

Online world
Sexual offending happens in the offline and online world.
Online behaviour
Some people we work with say they behaved in a way online that they wouldn’t have done in the offline world.
Online relationships
We all have an idea of how we come across to other people.
Exercise 3: So what is the problem with online relationships?
When we engage with people online and form friendships, it is usually around something specific, for example the sexual images of children.
Exercise 4 and 5: Online world
Some people don’t have as many offline relationships as they would like.
Reflection: online world
Think about what has prompted you to take action

This module will help you understand, different types of triggers and your own triggers

Triggers
A ‘trigger’ is also called a cue, prompt or call to action.
Situational and environmental risks
Some places and situations present specific risks and triggers for people, for example being alone at home late at night with internet access
Reflection: triggers
Think about the triggers you have identified.

If you are viewing legal adult pornography then this is your choice and we are not here to shame you for using it or to tell you to stop. But this self-help section will encourage you to think about whether viewing legal adult pornography is helpful or harmful for you.

Adult pornography
If you are viewing legal adult pornography then this is your choice and we are not here to shame you for using it or to tell you to stop
When viewing adult pornography becomes a problem
People who think that the way they look at adult pornography is out of their control might say it is like an addiction to alcohol or drugs
What is a trigger?
A trigger is something that affects how you are feeling, which then affects how you behave.
Drivers
Many people have problems with limiting the amount of time they spend viewing adult pornography or how often they view it
Managing your adult pornography use
If you decide it would be helpful for you to reduce your use of adult pornography, or stop looking at it completely, then here are some changes you can make to help.
Self-care and tips
Feeling negative effects when you give up pornography is normal.

This module aims to help you explore and gain understanding of how you can start to address your addictions.

Addiction
What do we mean by a compulsion or addictive behaviour?
It’s not my fault?
Wrong – the first time you engaged in illegal online sexual behaviour, you knew it was wrong, you weren’t addicted then but you went back and did it again
Dealing with addiction
It is really important to look at the motivation for your behaviour and the emotions you are avoiding.
Reflection: addiction
Reflect back on what you have learnt about addiction

This module aims to help you explore and gain understanding of your motivation for engaging sexually with children online, how your behaviour progressed into sexual communication and how you might have justified your behaviour.

Sexual communication with children online
Sexual communication with a child is often referred to as online grooming.
The different groups
Some people tell us that their interaction with children was not only motivated by sex.
Different stages
In order to understand more about how to avoid situations which may lead to you communicating sexually with a child in the future
The cycle of online grooming
Some people find it more helpful to think of their behaviour as following a repeated pattern rather than, for example, the stages set out above
The child’s perspective
Many people do not believe they are harming children when they communicate with them sexually on the internet.
Reflection: sexual communication with children online
Understanding more about your behaviour online can help you to consider what changes you need to make to stop the behaviour and move forward positively

This module will help you understand the false justifications offenders use to avoid responsibility for their actions, that these images are of real children being abused and the effects of being photographed on the children in the image.

Images are children
It’s likely that you will have used self-justifications to persuade yourself that it is ok to allow yourself to view sexual images of children
Exercise 1: understanding and responding to justifications
For people to allow themselves to view sexual images of children, they will generally be using a number of self-justifications to persuade themselves that it is ok to do what they are doing
Consent
‘Consent’ means to give permission for something to happen.
Exercise 2: Empathy
‘Empathy’ means trying to understand what another person is thinking and feeling, or “putting yourself into their shoes”
The effects on the child
Psychologists have tried to look at what it means to the child to be photographed and for these photographs to be used in a sexual way
Exercise 3: effects on you
Consider how you would feel about how close you could get to the child abuse taking place
Images are children: reflection
Your level of knowledge and understanding around your awareness of the child abuse taking place in these images

This module aims to help you to explore and gain understanding of why you collect, how it links to your offending and the relationship between collecting and some of the unsatisfactory aspects of your life.

Problematic collecting
For some people, collecting – and cataloguing, organising and all the other stuff that goes with it – can seem a big part of their offending
Exercise 2: when collecting is a problem
If you are collecting sexual images of children, then this is always a problem because it is harmful to both you and the children in the images
Exercise 3: why collect sexual images of children
Of all the things you could collect, why collect sexual images of children?
Exercise 4: justifications
A lot of people will have known that their collecting was wrong, but still continued to do it anyway
Reflection: problematic collecting
What have you learnt about yourself? What are you going to do?

This module aims to help you explore and gain understanding of why immediate gratification is so powerful and how to manage the desire of immediate gratification.

Problem of immediate gratification
understand why you prioritised your immediate needs despite the consequences
Problem of immediate gratification – reflection
Understanding the issues around fantasy

Contact us

Our confidential helpline is free and available to anyone concerned about the safety of children.

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